The medulla is the innermost layer of a cat's hair shaft. It consists of a soft, spongy material and can vary in thickness among different cat breeds. Some cats have a prominent medulla, while others have a less pronounced one.

The cuticle is the outermost layer of a cat's hair shaft. It acts as a protective barrier, preventing damage to the underlying layers. The cuticle consists of overlapping scales that lie flat when the cat's hair is healthy and smooth. However, certain factors can cause the scales to become raised, leading to a rough or dull coat.

The undercoat is a layer of fine, fluffy hair that lies beneath the longer guard hairs. It provides insulation and helps regulate the cat's body temperature. The undercoat varies in thickness and density depending on the breed and individual cat. Some cats have a dense undercoat, while others have a sparse one.

Short-haired cats, as the name suggests, have a coat with short hairs that lie close to their bodies. This fur type is relatively low-maintenance and requires less grooming compared to long-haired cats. Short-haired cats have a sleek and smooth appearance due to the shorter length of their fur, making them less prone to tangling and matting. Their coat's texture may vary, ranging from fine and velvety to coarser and more resilient. In addition to the Siamese, Bengal, and Abyssinian breeds, other short-haired cat breeds include the British Shorthair, American Shorthair, and Burmese. These cats are often admired for their athletic builds and sleek, elegant appearance. Due to their shorter fur, short-haired cats may also shed less, making them an excellent choice for individuals with allergies or those seeking a cat with lower grooming requirements.

Long-haired cats boast luxuriously silky coats with hairs that are several inches in length. Their fur is abundant, often flowing and fluffy, giving them a regal and majestic appearance. However, the beauty of long-haired cats comes with increased grooming needs. Regular brushing and combing are essential to prevent matting and keep their fur looking its best. Long-haired breeds, such as the Persian, Birman, Maine Coon, and Ragdoll, are known for their stunning and often eye-catching coats. Their fur can come in various colors and patterns, adding to their allure. The length and density of their fur provide excellent insulation, making them well-suited to colder climates. Despite the grooming demands, the luxurious and soft touch of a well-maintained long-haired cat's fur is a delight to both the cat and its owner.

Curly-haired cats possess a unique coat characterized by tightly curled or wavy hairs. This distinctive fur type is relatively rare and can be found in breeds such as the Devon Rex, Selkirk Rex, Cornish Rex, LaPerm and American Wirehair. The curls in their fur give these cats a distinctive and captivating appearance. Unlike other fur types, the curly hair of these breeds does not typically shed as much, making them a popular choice for individuals with allergies. However, their curly fur requires specific care to maintain its texture and prevent tangling. Regular grooming with a gentle touch is necessary to keep their curls defined and free from matting. These curly-haired breeds often have playful and affectionate personalities, making them cherished companions for cat lovers seeking a unique and eye-catching feline friend.

Hairless cats, as the name implies, lack a coat of fur. While their skin is exposed, it is usually soft and warm to the touch. Breeds such as the Sphynx and Peterbald fall into this category. Despite their lack of fur, hairless cats are not entirely hairless; they have a fine layer of downy fuzz or "peach fuzz" that gives them a velvety texture. The absence of fur makes their skin more visible, showcasing their wrinkles, pigmentation, and unique patterns. Hairless cats have a higher body temperature than their furry counterparts, requiring them to seek warmth and sometimes even wear protective clothing. Although they don't require traditional grooming, hairless cats need regular bathing to maintain the cleanliness of their skin and prevent oil buildup. Their hairlessness often fascinates people and makes them stand out in a crowd. Hairless breeds can be found in a range of colors and patterns, adding to their striking appearance.